Mekhahlelo ea welding ea li-electrode arc welding haholo-holo e kenyelletsa bophara ba electrode, welding hajoale, arc voltage, palo ea likarolo tsa welding, mofuta oa mohloli oa matla le polarity, jj.
1. Khetho ea bophara ba electrode
Khetho ea bophara ba electrode haholo-holo e itšetlehile ka lintlha tse kang botenya ba ho cheselletsa, mofuta oa lenonyeletso, boemo ba weld le boemo ba ho cheselletsa.Ka lebaka la ho se ame boleng tjheseletsa, e le hore ho ntlafatsa mosebetsi oa tlhahiso, ka kakaretso ba le tšekamelo ea ho khetha eleketrode kholoanyane bophara.
Bakeng sa likarolo tsa welding tse nang le botenya bo boholoanyane, ho lokela ho sebelisoa electrode e kholoanyane ea bophara.Bakeng sa tjheseletsa e bataletseng, bophara ba electrode e sebelisitsoeng e ka ba kholoanyane;bakeng sa welding e otlolohileng, bophara ba electrode e sebelisitsoeng ha e fete 5 mm;bakeng sa tjheseletsa tshekaletseng le ka holimo tjheseletsa, bophara ba eleketrode sebelisoa ka kakaretso ha ho ho feta 4 limilimithara.Tabeng ea li-welding tse ngata tse nang le li-grooves tse bapileng, e le ho thibela ho hlaha ha liphoso tse sa phethahalang tsa ho kenella, elektrode ea bophara ba 3.2 mm e lokela ho sebelisoa bakeng sa lera la pele la weld.Tlas'a maemo a tloaelehileng, bophara ba electrode bo ka khethoa ho ea ka botenya ba ho chesehela (joalokaha ho thathamisitsoe ho Lethathamo la TQ-1).
| Lethathamo: TQ-1 | Kamano pakeng tsa bophara ba electrode le botenya | |||
| Botenya ba weldment(mm) | ≤2 | 3-4 | 5-12 | >12 |
| Bophara ba electrode(mm) | 2 | 3.2 | 4-5 | ≥5 |
2. Khetho ea hona joale ea welding
The boholo ba tjheseletsa hona joale na le tšusumetso e khōlō ka boleng tjheseletsa le tlhahiso.Haeba hona joale e le nyenyane haholo, arc ha e tsitsa, 'me ho bonolo ho baka mefokolo e kang ho kenngoa ha slag le ho kenella ho sa phetheheng,' me tlhahiso e tlaase;haeba hona joale e le kholo haholo, ho ka 'na ha e-ba le mefokolo e kang ea undercut le burn-through, 'me spatter ea eketseha.
Ka hona, ha ho tjheseletsa ka electrode arc welding, hona joale ho lokela ho ba ho loketseng.The boholo ba hona joale tjheseletsa e haholo-holo e khethoa ke lintlha tse kang eleketrode mofuta, eleketrode bophara, tjheseletsa botenya, mofuta kopanetsweng, sebaka weld sebaka le boemo tjheseletsa, har'a lintho tse bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa ke eleketrode bophara le sebaka weld sebaka.Ha o sebelisa li-electrode tsa tšepe tse akaretsang, kamano lipakeng tsa hona joale ea welding le bophara ba eleketrode e ka khethoa ka foromo e matla: I = kd
Ka foromo, ke emela hona joale welding (A);e emela bophara ba electrode (mm);
k e emela coefficient e amanang le bophara ba electrode (sheba Lethathamo la TQ-2 bakeng sa khetho).
| Lethathamo: TQ-2 | kboleng ba li-diameter tse fapaneng tsa li-electrode | |||
| d/mm | 1.6 | 2-2,5 | 3.2 | 4-6 |
| k | 15-25 | 20-30 | 30-40 | 40-50 |
Ho phaella moo, boemo ba sebaka sa weld bo fapane, 'me boholo ba hona joale oa welding le bona bo fapane.Ka kakaretso, hona joale ho tjheseletsa e otlolohileng e lokela ho ba ka tlase ho 15% ~ 20% ho feta ea tjheseletsa e bataletseng;ea hona joale ea ho tjheseletsa tshekaletseng le overhead tjheseletsa ke 10% ~ 15% ka tlaase ho feta ea ho tjheseletsa bataletseng.Botenya ba welding bo boholo, 'me moeli o ka holimo oa hona joale o nkoa hangata.
Li-electrode tsa tšepe tse nang le lisebelisoa tse ngata tsa alloy hangata li na le khanyetso e phahameng ea motlakase, coefficient e kholo ea katoloso ea mocheso, e phahameng ea hona joale nakong ea welding, 'me eleketrode e na le bokhubelu, e etsa hore seaparo se oele pele ho nako, se ama boleng ba welding,' me likarolo tsa alloy lia chesoa. e ngata, kahoo welding The hona joale e fokotsehile ka ho loketseng.
3. Khetho ea motlakase oa arc
Arc voltage e khethoa ke bolelele ba arc.Haeba arc e le telele, motlakase oa arc o phahame;haeba arc e le khutšoanyane, motlakase oa arc o tlaase.Ts'ebetsong ea welding, haeba arc e le telele haholo, arc e tla chesa e sa tsitsa, spatter e tla eketseha, ho kenella ho tla fokotseha, 'me moea o ka ntle o tla hlasela batho habonolo, o baka liphoso tse kang li-pores.Ka hona, bolelele ba arc bo hlokeha ho ba tlase kapa bo lekanang le bophara ba eleketrode, ke hore, ho chesoa ha arc e khuts'oane.Ha u sebelisa eleketrode acid bakeng sa tjheseletsa, e le hore preheat karolo ho tjheseletsa kapa ho fokotsa mocheso oa letamo ho qhibilihisoa, ka linako tse ling arc e hanyenyane a otlolla bakeng sa tjheseletsa, ho thoeng ka nako e telele arc tjheseletsa.
4. Khetho ea palo ea lihlopha tsa welding
Li-welding tse ngata li atisa ho sebelisoa ho arc welding ea lipoleiti tse mahareng le tse teteaneng.Likarolo tse ling li molemo ho ntlafatsa polasetiki le ho tiea ha weld, haholo-holo likhutlong tse batang tse kobehang.Leha ho le joalo, hoa hlokahala ho thibela liphello tse kotsi tsa ho chesa lenonyeletso le ho atolosa sebaka se amehileng ke mocheso.Ho phaella moo, ho eketseha ha palo ea lihlopha ho atisa ho eketsa deformation ea weldment.Ka hona, e tlameha ho khethoa ka ho nahanela ka botlalo.
5. Khetho ea mofuta oa phepelo ea matla le polarity
Phepelo ea motlakase ea DC e na le arc e tsitsitseng, spatter e nyane le boleng bo botle ba welding.Ka kakaretso e sebelisoa bakeng sa ho cheselletsa meaho ea bohlokoa ea tjheseletsa kapa lipoleiti tse teteaneng tse nang le meaho e meholo e thata.
Maemong a mang, o lokela ho qala ka ho nahana ka ho sebelisa mochine oa welding oa AC, hobane mochine oa welding oa AC o na le mohaho o bonolo, o theko e tlaase, 'me o bonolo ho o sebelisa le ho o boloka ho feta mochine oa welding oa DC.Khetho ea polarity e itšetlehile ka mofuta oa eleketrode le litšobotsi tsa tjheseletsa.Mocheso oa anode ka har'a arc o phahame ho feta mocheso oa cathode, 'me li-polarities tse fapaneng li sebelisetsoa ho cheselletsa litšepe tse sa tšoaneng.
Nako ea poso: Sep-30-2021