Khetho le ho hlophisoa ha li-electrode tsa tungsten bakeng sa GTAW

Ho khethoa le ho hlophisoa ha li-electrode tsa tungsten bakeng sa GTAW ho bohlokoa ho ntlafatsa sephetho le ho thibela tšilafalo le ho sebetsa bocha.Litšoantšo tsa Getty
Tungsten ke ntho e sa tloaelehang ea tšepe e sebelisoang ho etsa li-electrode tsa gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW).Ts'ebetso ea GTAW e itšetlehile ka ho thatafala le ho hanyetsa mocheso o phahameng oa tungsten ho fetisetsa mocheso oa hona joale ho arc.Sebaka se qhibilihang sa tungsten ke sona se phahameng ka ho fetisisa har'a litšepe tsohle, ka likhato tse 3,410 tsa Celsius.
Li-electrode tsena tse sa sebelisoeng li tla ka boholo le bolelele bo fapaneng, 'me li entsoe ka tungsten e hloekileng kapa li-alloys tsa tungsten le likarolo tse ling tse sa tloaelehang tsa lefatše le li-oxide.Khetho ea electrode bakeng sa GTAW e itšetlehile ka mofuta le botenya ba substrate, le hore na alternating current (AC) kapa hona joale e tobileng (DC) e sebelisetsoa ho cheselletsa.Ke efe ho litokiso tse tharo tseo u li khethang, e chitja, e nchocho, kapa e khutsufalitsoeng, e bohlokoa hape bakeng sa ho ntlafatsa sephetho le ho thibela tšilafalo le ho sebetsa bocha.
Elektrode e 'ngoe le e' ngoe e na le mebala e mebala ho felisa pherekano mabapi le mofuta oa eona.'Mala o hlaha ntlheng ea eleketrode.
Li-electrode tsa tungsten tse hloekileng (AWS classification EWP) li na le 99.50% ea tungsten, e nang le tekanyo e phahameng ka ho fetisisa ea tšebeliso ea li-electrode tsohle, 'me ka kakaretso e theko e tlaase ho feta li-electroy tsa alloy.
Li-electrode tsena li etsa ntlha e chitja e hloekileng ha li futhumatsoa 'me li fana ka botsitso bo botle ba arc bakeng sa welding ea AC ka maqhubu a leka-lekaneng.Tungsten e hloekileng e boetse e fana ka botsitso ba arc bakeng sa AC sine wave welding, haholo aluminium le magnesium.Hangata ha e sebelisoe bakeng sa welding ea DC hobane ha e fane ka qalo e matla ea arc e amanang le li-electrode tsa bathorium kapa cerium.Ha e khothalletsoe ho sebelisa tungsten e hloekileng ho mechini e thehiloeng ho inverter;bakeng sa liphello tse ntle, sebelisa li-electrode tse bohale tsa cerium kapa lanthanide.
Li-electrode tsa thorium tungsten (AWS classification EWTh-1 le EWTh-2) li na le bonyane 97.30% tungsten le 0.8% ho isa ho 2.20% ea bathorium.Ho na le mefuta e 'meli: EWTh-1 le EWTh-2, e nang le 1% le 2%, ka ho latellana.Ka ho latellana.Ke li-electrode tse sebelisoang hangata 'me li ratoa bakeng sa bophelo ba tsona bo bolelele ba ts'ebeletso le boiketlo ba tšebeliso.Thorium e ntlafatsa boleng ba elektrone ea elektrode, ka hona e ntlafatsa ho qala ha arc le ho lumella matla a holimo a ho jara hona joale.Electrode e sebetsa ka tlase ho mocheso oa eona o qhibilihang, e leng ho fokotsang sekhahla sa tšebeliso haholo le ho felisa ho hoholeha ha arc, ka hona ho ntlafatsa botsitso.Ha ho bapisoa le li-electrode tse ling, li-electrode tsa bathorium li beha tungsten e nyane ka letamong le qhibilihisitsoeng, kahoo li baka tšilafalo e fokolang ea weld.
Li-electrode tsena li sebelisoa haholo bakeng sa ho tjheseletsa ha li-electrode negative (DCEN) tsa carbon steel, tšepe e sa hloekang, nickel le titanium, hammoho le lisebelisoa tse khethehileng tsa AC (joalo ka lisebelisoa tse tšesaane tsa aluminium).
Nakong ea ts'ebetso ea tlhahiso, bathorium e qhalakanngoa ka ho lekana ho pholletsa le electrode, e thusang tungsten ho boloka likarolo tsa eona tse bohale ka mor'a ho sila-ena ke sebopeho se loketseng sa electrode bakeng sa ho cheselletsa tšepe e tšesaane.Ela hloko: Thorium e na le mahlaseli a kotsi, kahoo u tlameha ho latela litemoso, litaelo le letlapa la lintlha tsa polokeho ea thepa (MSDS) ka linako tsohle ha u e sebelisa.
Cerium tungsten electrode (AWS classification EWCe-2) e na le bonyane 97.30% tungsten le 1.80% ho 2.20% cerium, 'me e bitsoa 2% cerium.Li-electrode tsena li sebetsa hantle haholo ho tjheseletsa ea DC maemong a tlase a hajoale, empa li ka sebelisoa ka boqhetseke lits'ebetsong tsa AC.Ka mokhoa oa eona o motle oa ho qala ka amperage e tlase, cerium tungsten e tumme lits'ebetsong tse joalo ka tlhahiso ea li-tube tsa terene le liphaephe, ts'ebetso ea shiti ea tšepe, le mosebetsi o kenyelletsang likarolo tse nyane le tse nepahetseng.Joalo ka bathorium, e sebelisoa hamolemo bakeng sa tjheseletsa ea carbon steel, tšepe e sa hloekang, li-alloys tsa nickel le titanium.Maemong a mang, e ka nka sebaka sa 2% ea li-electrode tsa bathorium.Lintho tsa motlakase tsa cerium tungsten le bathorium li fapane hanyane, empa li-welders tse ngata ha li khone ho li khetholla.
Tšebeliso ea electrode e phahameng ea amperage cerium ha e khothalletsoe, hobane amperage e phahameng e tla etsa hore oxide e fallele ka potlako ho mocheso oa ntlha, e tlose oxide e nang le oxide le ho senya melemo ea ts'ebetso.
Sebelisa malebela a nchocho le/kapa a khutsufalitsoeng (bakeng sa mefuta e hloekileng ea tungsten, cerium, lanthanum le bathorium) bakeng sa lits'ebetso tsa ho tjheseletsa ha inverter AC le DC.
Lanthanum tungsten electrode (AWS classifications EWLa-1, EWLa-1.5 le EWLa-2) li na le bonyane 97.30% tungsten le 0.8% ho 2.20% lanthanum kapa lanthanum, 'me li bitsoa EWLa-1, EWLa-1.5 le EWLa-2 Lanthanum Department ea likarolo.Li-electrode tsena li na le bokhoni bo botle ba ho qala arc, sekhahla se tlase sa ho khathala, botsitso bo botle ba arc le litšoaneleho tse ntle tsa ho busa - melemo e mengata e ts'oanang le li-electrode tsa cerium.Li-electrode tsa Lanthanide li boetse li na le thepa ea conductive ea 2% thorium tungsten.Maemong a mang, lanthanum-tungsten e ka nka sebaka sa bathorium-tungsten ntle le liphetoho tse kholo ho mokhoa oa ho cheselletsa.
Haeba u batla ho ntlafatsa bokhoni ba ho tjheseletsa, lanthanum tungsten electrode ke khetho e nepahetseng.Li loketse AC kapa DCEN e nang le ntlha, kapa li ka sebelisoa ka phepelo ea matla a AC sine wave.Lanthanum le tungsten li ka boloka ntlha e bohale haholo, e leng molemo bakeng sa tšepe ea tšepe le tšepe e sa hloekang ho DC kapa AC ho sebelisa motlakase oa lisekoere.
Ho fapana le bathorium tungsten, li-electrode tsena li loketse ho cheselletsa AC 'me, joaloka li-electrode tsa cerium, li lumella arc hore e qale le ho bolokoa ka matla a tlaase.Ha ho bapisoa le tungsten e hloekileng, bakeng sa boholo ba elektrode e fanoeng, ho eketsoa ha lanthanum oxide ho eketsa matla a ho jara hona joale ka hoo e ka bang 50%.
Electrode ea zirconium tungsten (AWS classification EWZr-1) e na le bonyane 99.10% tungsten le 0.15% ho 0.40% zirconium.Electrode ea zirconium tungsten e ka hlahisa arc e tsitsitseng haholo mme ea thibela spatter ea tungsten.Ke khetho e nepahetseng bakeng sa welding ea AC hobane e boloka ntlha e chitja ebile e na le khanyetso e phahameng ea tšilafalo.Bokhoni ba eona ba hona joale ba ho jara bo lekana kapa bo boholo ho feta thorium tungsten.Ha e khothalletsoe ho sebelisa zirconium bakeng sa welding ea DC tlas'a maemo afe kapa afe.
Electrode e sa tloaelehang ea tungsten ea lefatše (AWS classification EWG) e na le li-additives tse sa boleloang tse sa tloaelehang tsa oxide ea lefatše kapa motsoako o kopaneng oa li-oxide tse fapaneng, empa moetsi o hloka ho bonts'a tlatsetso ka 'ngoe le liperesente tsa eona sephutheloaneng.Ho itšetlehile ka tlatsetso, liphello tse lakatsehang li ka kenyelletsa ho hlahisa arc e tsitsitseng nakong ea ts'ebetso ea AC le DC, bophelo bo bolelele ho feta bathorium tungsten, bokhoni ba ho sebelisa li-electrode tse nyenyane tse bophara ba mosebetsi o le mong, le tšebeliso ea li-electrode tsa boholo bo tšoanang Phahameng ea hona joale, le ho fokotsa tungsten spatter.
Ka mor'a ho khetha mofuta oa electrode, mohato o latelang ke ho khetha ho lokisetsa ho qetela.Likhetho tse tharo li chitja, li supa 'me li khutsufalitsoe.
Thepa e chitja hangata e sebelisoa bakeng sa li-electrode tse hloekileng tsa tungsten le zirconium mme e khothaletsoa bakeng sa lits'ebetso tsa AC ho sine wave le mechini ea setso ea GTAW.Ho terraform ka mokhoa o nepahetseng qetellong ea tungsten, sebelisa feela AC ea hona joale e khothalletsoang bakeng sa bophara ba electrode e fanoeng (sheba setšoantšo sa 1), 'me ho tla thehoa bolo qetellong ea electrode.
Bophara ba pheletso e chitja ha ea lokela ho feta makhetlo a 1.5 bophara ba eleketrode (mohlala, eleketrode ea 1/8-inch e lokela ho theha pheletso ea bophara ba 3/16-inch).Karolo e kholoanyane ntlheng ea eleketrode e fokotsa botsitso ba arc.E ka boela ea oa 'me ea silafatsa weld.
Malebela le/kapa malebela a fokolitsoeng (bakeng sa tungsten e hloekileng, cerium, lanthanum le mefuta ea bathorium) li sebelisoa ho inverter AC le DC welding process.
Ho sila tungsten hantle, sebelisa lebili le silang le etselitsoeng ka ho khetheha bakeng sa ho sila tungsten (ho thibela tšilafalo) le lebili le silang le entsoeng ka borax kapa taemane (ho hanela ho thatafala ha tungsten).Tlhokomeliso: Haeba u sila thorium tungsten, ka kopo etsa bonnete ba hore u laola le ho bokella lerōle;seteishene sa ho sila se na le tsamaiso e lekaneng ea moea;le ho latela litemoso tsa moetsi, litaelo le MSDS.
Sila tungsten ka ho toba lebiling ka lehlakoreng la likhato tse 90 (sheba setšoantšo sa 2) ho netefatsa hore matšoao a sila a atoloha ho latela bolelele ba eleketrode.Ho etsa joalo ho ka fokotsa boteng ba maporopo holim'a tungsten, e ka bakang ho hoholeha ha arc kapa ho qhibiliha ka har'a letamo la weld, ho baka tšilafalo.
Ka kakaretso, o batla ho sila taper ho tungsten ho feta makhetlo a 2,5 bophara ba electrode (mohlala, bakeng sa electrode ea 1/8-inch, bokaholimo ba fatše bo bolelele ba 1/4 ho isa ho 5/16).Ho sila tungsten ka har'a khoune ho ka nolofatsa phetoho ea arc ho qala, le ho hlahisa arc e tsepamisitsoeng haholoanyane, e le ho fumana ts'ebetso e ntle ea welding.
Ha welding ka thepa e tšesaane (0.005 ho 0.040 lisenthimithara) ka tlaase hona joale, ho molemo ho sila tungsten ho fihlela ntlha.Ntlheng e lumella hore hona joale welding e fetisoe ka har'a arc e tsepamisitsoeng 'me e thusa ho thibela ho senyeha ha litšepe tse tšesaane tse kang aluminium.Ha ho khothalletsoe ho sebelisa tungsten e nchocho bakeng sa lits'ebetso tse phahameng tsa hajoale hobane matla a holimo a tla fefola ntlha ea tungsten ebe o baka tšilafalo ea letamo la weld.
Bakeng sa lits'ebetso tse phahameng tsa hajoale, ho molemo ho sila ntlha e khuts'oane.Ho fumana sebopeho sena, tungsten ke mobu oa pele ho taper e hlalositsoeng ka holimo, ebe e theoha ho 0.010 ho 0.030 inches.Sebaka se bataletseng qetellong ea tungsten.Sebaka sena se bataletseng se thusa ho thibela tungsten ho fetela ka har'a arc.E boetse e thibela ho thehoa ha libolo.
WELDER, eo pele e neng e tsejoa e le Practical Welding Today, e bontša batho ba sebele ba etsang lihlahisoa tseo re li sebelisang le tseo re li sebetsang letsatsi le leng le le leng.Makasine ena e ’nile ea sebeletsa sechaba sa litšehlo Amerika Leboea ka lilemo tse fetang 20.

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Nako ea poso: Aug-23-2021

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