1. Fokotsa khatello ea maikutlo The khatello ea kelello ntlha ea khatello ea maikutlo ntlha ea khatello ea maikutlo ea mokhathala a phatloha mohloling o kopantsoeng le lenonyeletso le sebopeho, 'me mekhoa eohle ea ho felisa kapa ho fokotsa khatello ea maikutlo e ka ntlafatsa matla a mokhathala a sebopeho.
(1) Amohela foromo e utloahalang ea sebopeho
① Manonyeletso a butt a khethoa, 'me manonyeletso a lirope ha a sebelisoe ka hohle kamoo ho ka khonehang;Likarolo tse nang le sebopeho sa T kapa likhutlo li fetoloa hore e be li-butt ka mekhoa ea bohlokoa, e le hore li-welds li qobe likhutlo;ha ho sebelisoa manonyeletso a bōpehileng joaloka T kapa likonopo tsa sekhutlo, ho tšeptjoa hore ho tla sebelisoa litšepe tse kenang ka ho feletseng.
② Leka ho qoba moralo oa eccentric loading, e le hore matla a ka hare a setho a ka fetisoa hantle le ho ajoa ka mokhoa o ts'oanang ntle le ho baka khatello e eketsehileng.
③Ho fokotsa phetoho ea tšohanyetso ea karolo, ha botenya kapa bophara ba poleiti bo fapana haholo mme bo hloka ho emisoa, sebaka se bonolo sa phetoho se lokela ho etsoa;sekhutlo se bohale kapa sekhutlo sa sebopeho se lokela ho etsoa ka sebopeho sa arc, 'me sebaka se seholo sa curvature se betere.
④ Qoba li-welds tse tsamaeang ka litsela tse tharo tse kopanang sebakeng, leka ho se behele li-welds libakeng tsa khatello ea maikutlo, 'me u leke ho se behele li-welds tse fapaneng ho litho tse kholo tsa tsitsipano;ha ho ke ke ha qojoa, boleng ba ka hare le ba ka ntle ba weld bo tlameha ho tiisetsoa, 'me monoana oa weld o lokela ho fokotseha.khatello ea maikutlo.
⑤Bakeng sa li-welds tsa butt tse ka ts'oaroang ka lehlakoreng le le leng feela, ha lia lumelloa ho beha lipoleiti tse tšehetsang ka morao ka mehaho ea bohlokoa;qoba ho sebelisa li-welds tsa nakoana, hobane ho na le khatello ea maikutlo e phahameng qalong le qetellong ea weld ka 'ngoe.
(2).Sebopeho se nepahetseng sa weld le boleng bo botle ba weld kahare le kantle
① Bophahamo bo setseng ba weld e kopantsoeng ea butt e lokela ho ba nyane ka moo ho ka khonehang, 'me ho molemo ho otlolla (kapa ho sila) sephara ka mor'a ho tjheseletsa ntle le ho siea bophahamo ba masala;
② Ho molemo ho sebelisa li-welds tsa fillet tse nang le bokaholimo ba concave bakeng sa manonyeletso a sebopeho sa T, ntle le li-welds tsa fillet tse nang le convexity;
③ Monoana o mateanong a weld le bokaholimo ba tšepe bo lokela ho fetisoa hantle, 'me monoana o lokela ho ba fatše kapa argon arc remelted ha ho hlokahala ho fokotsa khatello ea maikutlo moo.
Litšitiso tsohle tsa tjheseletsa li na le likhato tse fapaneng tsa khatello ea maikutlo, haholoholo bofokoli ba flake welding, joalo ka mapetsong, ho se kenelle, ho se kopane le ho loma, joalo-joalo, li na le tšusumetso e kholo ho matla a mokhathala.Ka hona, moralong oa meralo, hoa hlokahala ho etsa bonnete ba hore weld e 'ngoe le e' ngoe e bonolo ho tjheseletsa, e le ho fokotsa mefokolo ea welding, mme mefokolo e fetang tekanyetso e tlameha ho tlosoa.
2.Fetola khatello ea maikutlo e setseng
Khatello e setseng ea khatello holim'a setho sa setho kapa khatello ea maikutlo e ka ntlafatsa matla a mokhathala a sebopeho se cheselitsoeng.Ka mohlala, ka ho lokisa tatellano ea li-welding le ho futhumatsa sebakeng seo, ho ka khoneha ho fumana sebaka se setseng sa khatello ea kelello se loketseng ho ntlafatsa matla a mokhathala.Ntle le moo, ho matlafatsa deformation ea holim'a metsi, joalo ka ho thetheha, ho phunya kapa ho thunngoa, ho ka boela ha amoheloa ho etsa deformation ea tšepe holim'a polasetiki le ho thatafala, le ho hlahisa khatello e setseng ea khatello holim'a lera ho fihlela sepheo sa ho ntlafatsa matla a mokhathala.
Khatello e setseng ea khatello e kaholimo ho notch e ka fumanoa ka ho sebelisa nako e le 'ngoe ea ho otlolla moroalo ho setho se notlelitsoeng.Lebaka ke hore lets'oao la khatello e setseng ea notch ka mor'a ho laolla elastic kamehla le fapane le lets'oao la khatello ea maikutlo nakong ea (elastoplastic).Mokhoa ona ha oa tšoanela ho kobeha moroalo o mongata kapa oa ho beleha makhetlo a mangata.Hangata e kopantsoe le liteko tsa ho amoheloa ha mohaho, joalo ka likepe tsa khatello bakeng sa liteko tsa hydraulic, li ka bapala karolo ea pele ho overload tensile.
3.Ntlafatsa sebopeho le thepa ea thepa
Pele ho tsohle, ho ntlafatsa matla a mokhathala a tšepe ea motheo le tšepe ea weld le eona e lokela ho nahanoa ho tsoa boleng ba boleng ba thepa.Boleng ba metallurgic ba thepa bo lokela ho ntlafatsoa ho fokotsa ho kenngoa ho eona.Likarolo tsa bohlokoa li ka etsoa ka lisebelisoa tse tsoang lits'ebetsong tsa ho qhibiliha joalo ka vacuum melting, vacuum degassing, esita le electroslag remelting ho netefatsa bohloeki;Bophelo ba mokhathala oa tšepe ea lijo-thollo bo ka ntlafatsoa ka ho hloekisa mocheso oa kamore.Microstructure e ntle ka ho fetisisa e ka fumanoa ka phekolo ea mocheso, 'me polasetiki le ho tiea li ka ntlafatsoa ha matla a ntse a eketseha.Tempered martensite, carbon martensite e tlase le bainite e tlase li na le khanyetso e phahameng ea mokhathala.Taba ea bobeli, matla, polasetiki le ho tiea li lokela ho bapaloa ka mokhoa o utloahalang.Matla ke bokhoni ba thepa ea ho hanela ho robeha, empa lisebelisoa tse matla haholo li na le maikutlo a li-notch.Mosebetsi o ka sehloohong oa polasetiki ke hore ka deformation ea polasetiki, mosebetsi oa deformation o ka kenngoa, tlhōrō ea khatello ea kelello e ka fokotsoa, khatello e phahameng ea khatello ea kelello e ka aroloa hape, 'me ntlha ea sekhahla le ea ho phatloha e ka fetisoa,' me ho atolosoa ha crack ho ka fokotsoa kapa hona ho emisoa.Plastiki e ka etsa bonnete ba hore matla a ho bapala ka botlalo.Ka hona, bakeng sa tšepe e matla e phahameng le tšepe ea ultra-high-matla, ho leka ho ntlafatsa polasetiki e nyenyane le ho tiea ho tla ntlafatsa haholo ho hanyetsa mokhathala.
4.Mehato e khethehileng ea tšireletso
Khoholeho ea sepakapaka ea sepakapaka hangata e na le tšusumetso ho matla a mokhathala a thepa, kahoo ho molemo ho sebelisa lesela le itseng le sireletsang.Mohlala, ho roala lesela la polasetiki le nang le li-filler maemong a khatello ea maikutlo ke mokhoa o sebetsang oa ntlafatso.
Nako ea poso: Jun-27-2023