The weldability ea thepa ea tšepe e bua ka bokhoni ba lisebelisoa tsa tšepe ho fumana manonyeletso a babatsehang a ho tjheseletsa ho sebelisa mekhoa e itseng ea ho tjheseletsa, ho kenyelletsa le mekhoa ea ho tjheseletsa, lisebelisoa tsa ho tjheseletsa, litlhaloso tsa ho tjheseletsa le mefuta ea sebopeho sa ho cheselletsa.Haeba tšepe e ka fumana manonyeletso a tjheseletsang a matle ka ho sebedisa ditshebetso tse tlwaelehileng le tse bonolo tsa welding, ho nkwa ho na le tshebetso e ntle ya welding.The weldability ea thepa ea tšepe ka kakaretso arotsoe ka likarolo tse peli: tshebetso weldability le tshebediso weldability.
Ts'ebetso ea weldability: e bua ka bokhoni ba ho fumana manonyeletso a tjheselitsoeng hantle, a se nang sekoli tlas'a maemo a itseng a ts'ebetso ea welding.Ha se thepa ea tlhaho ea tšepe, empa e hlahlojoa ho latela mokhoa o itseng oa tjheseletsa le mehato e tobileng ea ts'ebetso e sebelisoang.Ka hona, ts'ebetso ea weldability ea lisebelisoa tsa tšepe e amana haufi-ufi le ts'ebetso ea welding.
Tshebeletso ya weldability: e bua ka tekanyo eo lenonyeletso le cheselitsoeng kapa sebopeho sohle se kopanang le ts'ebetso ea ts'ebeletso e boletsoeng ke maemo a theknoloji ea sehlahisoa.Tshebetso e itšetlehile ka maemo a ho sebetsa a sebopeho se cheselitsoeng le litlhoko tsa tekheniki tse behiloeng pele ho moralo.Hangata ho kenyelletsa thepa ea mochini, ho hanyetsa mocheso o tlase, ho hanyetsa brittle fracture, mocheso o phahameng oa mocheso, thepa ea mokhathala, matla a tšoarellang, ho hanyetsa kutu le ho roala ho hanyetsa, joalo-joalo Ka mohlala, litšepe tse sebelisoang hangata tsa S30403 le S31603 li na le khanyetso e ntle ea kutu, le 16MnDR. le 09MnNiDR litšepe tsa mocheso o tlase le tsona li na le khanyetso e ntle ea mocheso o tlase.
Lintlha tse amang ts'ebetso ea welding ea lisebelisoa tsa tšepe
1.Lintho tse bonahalang
Lisebelisoa li kenyelletsa tšepe ea motheo le lisebelisoa tsa welding.Tlas'a maemo a tšoanang a tjheseletsa, lintlha tse ka sehloohong tse khethollang ho cheseha ha tšepe ea motheo ke thepa ea eona ea 'mele le metsoako ea lik'hemik'hale.
Ho ea ka thepa ea 'mele: lintlha tse kang ntlha ea ho qhibiliha, mocheso oa mocheso, coefficient ea ho atolosa linear, density, matla a mocheso le lintlha tse ling tsa tšepe kaofela li na le tšusumetso lits'ebetsong tse kang mocheso oa mocheso, ho qhibiliha, crystallization, phetoho ea mohato, joalo-joalo. , kahoo e ama ts'ebetso ea ho cheseha.Lisebelisoa tse nang le conductivity e tlase ea mocheso joalo ka tšepe e sa hloekang li na le likhahla tse kholo tsa mocheso, khatello e phahameng ea masala, le deformation e kholo nakong ea welding.Ho feta moo, ka lebaka la nako e telele ea ho lula ka mocheso o phahameng, lijo-thollo tse sebakeng se amehileng ke mocheso li hōla, tse senyang ts'ebetso e kopanetsoeng.Austenitic stainless steel e na le coefficient e kholo ea linear e atolositsoeng le deformation e matla ea manonyeletso le khatello ea maikutlo.
Mabapi le sebopeho sa lik'hemik'hale, ntho e nang le tšusumetso e matla ka ho fetisisa ke carbon, e bolelang hore carbon content ea tšepe e etsa qeto ea ho cheseha ha eona.Boholo ba likarolo tse ling tsa alloying ka tšepe ha li thuse ho cheselletsa, empa phello ea tsona hangata e nyenyane haholo ho feta ea carbon.Ha khabone ea tšepe e ntse e eketseha, tšekamelo ea ho thatafala e ntse e eketseha, polasetiki ea fokotseha, 'me mapetsong a tjheseletsa a atisa ho etsahala.Hangata, kutloisiso ea lisebelisoa tsa tšepe ho mapetsong nakong ea ho tjheseletsa le liphetoho tsa thepa ea mochine oa sebaka se kopantsoeng se kopantsoeng li sebelisoa e le matšoao a ka sehloohong a ho hlahloba hore na thepa e cheseha hakae.Ka hona, ha carbon content e phahame, e mpefala le ho feta.Tšepe ea khabone e tlase le tšepe ea alloy e tlase e nang le khabone e ka tlase ho 0.25% li na le polasetiki e ntle haholo le ho tiea ha tšusumetso, 'me polasetiki le matla a ts'ebetso ea manonyeletso a cheselitsoeng ka mor'a ho cheselletsa le tsona li ntle haholo.Preheating le post-weld mocheso kalafo ha e hlokehang nakong tjheseletsa, le tshebetso tjheseletsa ho bonolo ho laola, kahoo e na le molemo weldability.
Ho phaella moo, boemo ba ho qhibiliha le ho thetheha, boemo ba phekolo ea mocheso, boemo ba mokhatlo, joalo-joalo tsa tšepe kaofela li ama weldability ho ea ka likhato tse sa tšoaneng.The weldability ea tšepe e ka ntlafatsoa ka ho hloekisoa kapa ho hloekisa lijo-thollo le mekhoa e laoloang ea ho kolobisa.
Lisebelisoa tsa welding li kenya letsoho ka ho toba letotong la lik'hemik'hale tsa metallurgical nakong ea ts'ebetso ea ho cheselletsa, e khethollang sebopeho, sebopeho, thepa le sebopeho sa sekoli sa tšepe ea weld.Haeba lisebelisoa tsa ho tjheseletsa li khethiloe ka tsela e fosahetseng 'me li sa lumellane le tšepe ea motheo, ha se feela hore motsoako o finyellang litlhoko tsa tšebeliso o ke ke oa fumanoa, empa mefokolo e kang mapetsong le liphetoho tsa thepa ea mohaho le tsona li tla hlahisoa.Ka hona, khetho e nepahetseng ea lisebelisoa tsa welding ke ntlha ea bohlokoa ho netefatsa hore li-joints tse nang le boleng bo holimo.
2. Lintlha tsa ts'ebetso
Lintlha tsa ts'ebetso li kenyelletsa mekhoa ea ho tjheseletsa, mekhoa ea ts'ebetso ea welding, tatellano ea tjheseletsa, preheating, post-heating le post-weld heat treatment, joalo-joalo Mokhoa oa ho tjheseletsa o na le tšusumetso e kholo ho ts'ebetsong, haholo-holo ka likarolo tse peli: litšobotsi tsa mohloli oa mocheso le maemo a tšireletso.
Mekhoa e fapaneng ea ho tjheseletsa e na le mehloli e fapaneng ea mocheso ho latela matla, matla a matla, mocheso o phahameng oa mocheso, joalo-joalo.Ka mohlala, matla a electroslag welding a phahame haholo, empa matla a matla a tlase haholo, 'me mocheso o phahameng oa ho futhumatsa ha o phahame.Ho futhumatsa ho lieha nakong ea welding, 'me nako ea ho lula ha mocheso o phahameng ke nako e telele, e leng se bakang lijo-thollo tse mahoashe sebakeng se amehileng ke mocheso le ho fokotseha ho hoholo ha boima ba tšusumetso, bo lokelang ho ba bo tloaelehileng.Ho ntlafatsa.Ka lehlakoreng le leng, ho chesoa ha electron beam, laser welding le mekhoa e meng e na le matla a tlaase, empa matla a mangata a matla le ho futhumatsa ka potlako.Nako ea bolulo e phahameng ea mocheso e khutšoanyane, sebaka se amehileng ke mocheso se moqotetsane haholo, 'me ha ho kotsi ea ho hōla ha lijo-thollo.
Ho fetola litekanyetso tsa ts'ebetso ea tjheseletsa le ho amohela mehato e meng ea ts'ebetso e kang preheating, postheating, multi-layer welding le ho laola mocheso oa interlayer ho ka fetola le ho laola potoloho ea mocheso oa ho tjheseletsa, ka tsela eo ho fetola weldability ea tšepe.Haeba mehato e kang preheating pele ho tjheseletsa kapa mocheso mocheso ka mor'a hore tjheseletsa e nkuoa, ho ka khoneha ka ho feletseng ho fumana manonyeletso a tjheselitsoeng ntle le liphoso tsa crack tse finyellang litlhoko tsa tshebetso.
3. Lintlha tsa sebopeho
Haholo-holo e bua ka sebopeho sa sebopeho sa welded le manonyeletso a welded, joalo ka tšusumetso ea lintlha tse kang sebopeho sa sebopeho, boholo, botenya, sebopeho sa groove se kopaneng, sebopeho sa weld le sebopeho sa eona sa cross-sectional mabapi le weldability.Tšusumetso ea eona e bonahala haholo-holo ha ho fetisoa ha mocheso le boemo ba matla.Botenya bo fapaneng ba poleiti, libopeho tse fapaneng tse kopaneng kapa libopeho tsa li-groove li na le litaelo le litekanyetso tse fapaneng tsa lebelo la phetisetso ea mocheso, tse tla ama tsela ea kristale le kholo ea lijo-thollo tsa letamo le qhibilihisitsoeng.Phetoho ea sebopeho, botenya ba poleiti le tlhophiso ea weld e etsa qeto ea ho thatafala le thibelo ea lenonyeletso, e amang boemo ba khatello ea maikutlo.Ho fokola ha kristale morphology, khatello e matla ea khatello ea maikutlo le khatello e feteletseng ea welding ke maemo a mantlha a ho theha mapetsong a tjheseletsa.Ka moralo, ho fokotsa ho satalla ha manonyeletso, ho fokotsa litšepe tsa sefapano, le ho fokotsa lintlha tse fapaneng tse bakang khatello ea maikutlo kaofela ke mehato ea bohlokoa ea ho ntlafatsa ho cheseha.
4. Maemo a tšebeliso
E bua ka mocheso oa ho sebetsa, maemo a mojaro le mokhoa oa ho sebetsa nakong ea tšebeletso ea mohaho o cheselitsoeng.Maemo ana a ho sebetsa le maemo a ts'ebetso a hloka hore meaho e cheselitsoeng e be le ts'ebetso e ts'oanang.Mohlala, meaho e cheselitsoeng e sebetsang mochesong o tlase e tlameha ho ba le brittle fracture resistance;mehaho e sebetsang ka mocheso o phahameng o tlameha ho ba le khanyetso ea creep;meaho e sebetsang tlas'a meroalo e fapanyetsanang e tlameha ho ba le khanyetso e ntle ea mokhathala;meaho e sebetsang ka acid, alkali kapa letsoai media Sets'oants'o se cheselitsoeng se lokela ho ba le khanyetso e phahameng ea kutu joalo-joalo.Ka bokhutšoanyane, ha maemo a ts'ebeliso a le matla le ho feta, ho na le litlhoko tse phahameng tsa boleng bakeng sa manonyeletso a cheselitsoeng, 'me ho thata le ho feta ho netefatsa hore thepa e sebetsa hantle.
Identification and evaluation index of weldability of metal materials
Nakong ea ts'ebetso ea tjheseletsa, sehlahisoa se kena lits'ebetsong tsa ho cheselletsa mocheso, karabelo ea metallurgic, hammoho le khatello ea maikutlo le ho senyeha, ho fella ka liphetoho tsa sebopeho sa lik'hemik'hale, sebopeho sa metallographic, boholo le sebopeho, ho etsa hore ts'ebetso ea lenonyeletso le cheselle hangata e fapane le ea lisebelisoa tsa motheo, ka linako tse ling esita le Ha e khone ho finyella litlhoko tsa tšebeliso.Bakeng sa litšepe tse ngata tse sebetsang kapa tse refractory, mekhoa e khethehileng ea ho tjheseletsa e kang electron beam welding kapa laser welding e lokela ho sebelisoa ho fumana manonyeletso a boleng bo phahameng.Maemo a fokolang a lisebelisoa le bothata bo fokolang bo hlokahalang ho etsa motsoako o motle oa welded ho tloha thepa, ho molemo ho chesehela thepa;ho fapana le hoo, haeba ho hlokahala mekhoa e rarahaneng le e theko e boima, lisebelisoa tse khethehileng tsa welding le mehato ea ts'ebetso e hlokahalang, ho bolela hore thepa The weldability e futsanehile.
Ha ho etsoa lihlahisoa, ho tjheseletsa ha thepa e sebelisoang ho tlameha ho hlahlobjoa pele ho fumana hore na lisebelisoa tse khethiloeng tsa sebopeho, lisebelisoa tsa ho tjheseletsa le mekhoa ea ho cheselletsa li nepahetse.Ho na le mekhoa e mengata ea ho lekola hore na thepa e cheseha hakae.Mokhoa o mong le o mong o ka hlalosa feela karolo e itseng ea weldability.Ka hona, liteko lia hlokahala ho fumana ka botlalo hore na ho cheseha ho cheseha hakae.Mekhoa ea liteko e ka aroloa ka mofuta oa papiso le mofuta oa liteko.Ea pele e etsisa litšobotsi tsa ho futhumatsa le ho pholisa tsa welding;liteko tsa ho qetela ho latela maemo a sebele a ho cheselletsa.Likahare tsa liteko haholo-holo ke ho bona sebopeho sa lik'hemik'hale, sebopeho sa metallographic, thepa ea mochini, le ho ba teng kapa ho se be teng ha mefokolo ea tšepe ea tšepe le tšepe ea weld, le ho fumana ts'ebetso ea mocheso o tlase, ts'ebetso ea mocheso o phahameng, ho hanyetsa kutu, le khanyetso e tsoetsoeng ea lenonyeletso.
Litšobotsi tsa welding tsa lisebelisoa tsa tšepe tse sebelisoang hangata
1. Welding ea carbon steel
(1) Welding ea tlaase carbon tšepe
Tšepe ea khabone e tlase e na le khabone e tlase, manganese e tlase le silicon.Tlas'a maemo a tloaelehileng, e ke ke ea baka ho thatafala ha sebopeho kapa ho tima sebopeho ka lebaka la welding.Mofuta ona oa tšepe o na le polasetiki e ntle haholo le matla a matla, 'me polasetiki le ho tiea ha manonyeletso a eona a cheselitsoeng le tsona li ntle haholo.Preheating le postheating ka kakaretso ha e hlokehe nakong ea welding, 'me mehato e khethehileng ea ts'ebetso ha e hlokehe ho fumana manonyeletso a nang le boleng bo khotsofatsang.Ka hona, tšepe e tlase ea khabone e na le ts'ebetso e ntle haholo ea ho cheselletsa 'me ke tšepe e nang le ts'ebetso e ntle ka ho fetisisa ea ho cheselletsa har'a litšepe tsohle..
(2) Welding ea mahareng carbon tšepe
Medium carbon steel e na le k'habone e phahameng 'me ho cheseha ha eona ho mpe ho feta tšepe e tlaase ea carbon.Ha CE e le haufi le moeli o tlase (0.25%), weldability e ntle.Ha lihlahisoa tsa carbon li ntse li eketseha, tšekamelo ea ho thatafatsa e ntse e eketseha, 'me mohaho o tlaase oa polasetiki oa martensite o hlahisoa habonolo sebakeng se amehileng ke mocheso.Ha weldment e batla e le thata kapa lisebelisoa tsa ho tjheseletsa le mekhoa ea ts'ebetso li khethiloe ka tsela e fosahetseng, ho ka etsahala hore ho be le mapheo a batang.Ha ho tjheseletsa lera la pele la tjheseletsa e nang le mefuta e mengata, ka lebaka la karolo e kholo ea tšepe e kopantsoeng ka har'a weld, litaba tsa carbon, sebabole le phosphorus li eketseha, ho etsa hore ho be bonolo ho hlahisa mapetsong a chesang.Ho feta moo, maikutlo a stomatal a boetse a eketseha ha carbon content e phahame.
(3) Welding ea tšepe e phahameng ea carbon
Tšepe e phahameng ea carbon e nang le CE e kholo ho feta 0.6% e na le thata e phahameng 'me e tloaetse ho hlahisa martensite e thata le e brittle e phahameng ea carbon.Mapetso a tloaetse ho hlaha libakeng tse chesehang le libakeng tse anngoeng ke mocheso, ho etsa hore ho be thata ho cheselletsa.Ka hona, mofuta ona oa tšepe ka kakaretso ha o sebelisoe ho etsa mehaho e cheselitsoeng, empa e sebelisetsoa ho etsa likarolo kapa likarolo tse nang le boima bo phahameng kapa ho hanyetsa ho roala.Bongata ba licheso tsa tsona ke tsa ho lokisa likarolo tse senyehileng.Likarolo tsena le likarolo li lokela ho annealed pele tjheseletsa tokiso ho fokotsa mapetsong tjheseletsa, 'me joale mocheso tšoaroa hape ka mor'a hore tjheseletsa.
2. Welding ea tlaase alloy phahameng matla tšepe
Kakaretso ea khabone ea tšepe e matla e tlase ea alloy ka kakaretso ha e fete 0.20%, 'me kakaretso ea likarolo tsa alloy hangata ha e fete 5%.Ke hantle hobane tšepe e nang le alloy e matla e tlase e na le likarolo tse itseng tsa alloy hoo ts'ebetso ea eona ea welding e batlang e fapane le ea tšepe ea carbon.Litšobotsi tsa eona tsa welding ke tse latelang:
(1) Mapetsong a tjheseletsa manonyeletsong a tjheseditsweng
Litšepe tse matla tse nang le alloy tse tlaase tse nang le serame li na le C, Mn, V, Nb le likarolo tse ling tse matlafatsang tšepe, kahoo ho bonolo ho thatafalloa nakong ea ho tjheseletsa.Mehaho ena e thata e na le kutloelo-bohloko haholo.Ka hona, ha boima bo le boholo kapa khatello e thibelang e phahame, haeba ts'ebetso e sa lokelang ea welding e ka baka mapetsong a batang habonolo.Ho feta moo, mofuta ona oa crack o na le tieho e itseng 'me o kotsi haholo.
Reheat cracks (SR) Reheat cracks ke mapetsong a intergranular a hlahang sebakeng se mahoashe-grained haufi le mola oa fusion nakong ea phekolo ea mocheso oa khatello ea kelello ka mor'a ho chesa kapa ts'ebetso ea nako e telele ea mocheso o phahameng.Ka kakaretso ho lumeloa hore e etsahala ka lebaka la mocheso o phahameng oa welding o bakang V, Nb, Cr, Mo le li-carbides tse ling tse haufi le HAZ hore li be tse tiileng ka har'a austenite.Ha ba na nako ea ho pholile nakong ea ho pholile ka mor'a ho cheselletsa, empa ba qhalakane le ho phalla nakong ea PWHT, kahoo ba matlafatsa sebopeho sa kristale.Ka hare, deformation ea creep nakong ea ho phomola ha khatello ea kelello e tsepamisitsoe meeling ea lijo-thollo.
Litšepe tse cheselitsoeng ka matla a phahameng a matla a tlase hangata ha li na tšekamelo ea ho futhumatsa mapetsong, joalo ka 16MnR, 15MnVR, joalo-joalo. Leha ho le joalo, bakeng sa Mn-Mo-Nb le Mn-Mo-V letoto la litšepe tse matla a tlase a alloy, joalo ka 07MnCrMoVR, kaha Nb, V, le Mo ke likarolo tse nang le kutloisiso e matla ea ho futhumatsa hape ho phatloha, mofuta ona oa tšepe o hloka ho phekoloa nakong ea phekolo ea mocheso oa morao-rao.Tlhokomelo e lokela ho nkoa ho qoba sebaka sa mocheso oa mocheso oa mapetsong a ho futhumatsa hape ho thibela ho hlaha ha mapetsong a ho futhumatsa hape.
(2) Ebrittlement le ho nolofatsa ha manonyeletso a cheselitsoeng
Mathata botsofali embrittlement Welded manonyeletso lokela ho kena dithulaganyo tse fapa-fapaneng batang (sekoa ho kuta, barrel rolling, joalo-joalo) pele tjheseletsa.Tšepe e tla hlahisa deformation ea polasetiki.Haeba sebaka seo se futhumatsoa hape ho 200 ho 450 ° C, botsofali bo tla ba teng..Mathata a botsofali embrittlement tla fokotsa polasetiki ea tšepe le ho eketsa brittle phetoho mocheso, ho fella ka brittle fracture ea thepa.Kalafo ea mocheso oa post-weld e ka felisa botsofali bo joalo ba sebopeho se cheselitsoeng le ho khutlisetsa boima.
Ho hlahisa li-welds le libaka tse anngoeng ke mocheso Welding ke mokhoa o sa lekaneng oa ho futhumatsa le ho pholisa, o bakang sebopeho se sa lekanang.Mocheso oa brittle transition oa weld (WM) le libaka tse amehang ke mocheso (HAZ) o phahame ho feta oa tšepe ea motheo 'me ke sehokelo se fokolang lenonyeletsong.Welding line matla a na le tšusumetso ea bohlokoa ho thepa ea tšepe e tlase ea alloy e matla e phahameng ea WM le HAZ.Tšepe e nang le alloy e tlaase e matla e bonolo ho thatafala.Haeba matla a mohala a le nyane haholo, martensite e tla hlaha ho HAZ mme e baka mapetsong.Haeba motlakase oa mohala o le moholo haholo, lithollo tsa WM le HAZ li tla ba mahoashe.E tla etsa hore lenonyeletso le be brittle.Ha ho bapisoa le tšepe e chesang le e tloaelehileng, tšepe e timang ka carbon e tlaase le e halefileng e na le tšekamelo e tebileng ho feta ea HAZ embrittlement e bakoang ke matla a mangata a mangata.Ka hona, ha ho chesoa, matla a mohala a lokela ho lekanyetsoa ho mefuta e itseng.
Ho nolofala ha sebaka se anngoeng ke mocheso oa manonyeletso a cheselitsoeng Ka lebaka la ts'ebetso ea mocheso oa tjheseletsa, bokantle ba sebaka se anngoeng ke mocheso (HAZ) ea tšepe e nang le khabone e tlase le e futhumetseng e futhumatsoa ka holim'a mocheso o futhumatsang, haholo sebaka se haufi le Ac1, e tla hlahisa sebaka se nolofatsang ka matla a fokotsehileng.Ho nolofatsa ha sebopeho sebakeng sa HAZ ho eketseha ka ho eketseha ha matla a ho tjheseletsa le mocheso oa preheating, empa ka kakaretso matla a tsitsipano sebakeng se nolofalitsoeng a ntse a phahame ho feta moeli o tlase oa boleng bo tloaelehileng ba tšepe ea motheo, kahoo sebaka se amehileng ke mocheso. ea mofuta ona oa tšepe e nolofatsa Hafeela mosebetsi oa matsoho o nepahetse, bothata bo ke ke ba ama ts'ebetso ea motsoako.
3. Welding ea tšepe e sa hloekang
Tšepe e sa hloekang e ka aroloa ka mekhahlelo e mene ho latela meaho ea eona e fapaneng ea tšepe, e leng austenitic stainless steel, ferritic stainless steel, martensitic stainless steel, le austenitic-ferritic duplex stainless steel.Lintlha tse latelang li hlahloba haholo-holo litšobotsi tsa ho tjheseletsa tsa austenitic stainless steel le bidirectional stainless steel.
(1) Welding ea austenitic tšepe e sa hloekang
Litšepe tsa Austenitic li bonolo ho cheseha ho feta litšepe tse ling tse sa hloekang.Ho ke ke ha e-ba le phetoho ea mokhahlelo ka mocheso ofe kapa ofe 'me ha o nahane ka hydrogen embrittlement.Lenonyeletso la tšepe le sa hloekang la austenitic le boetse le na le polasetiki e ntle le ho tiea sebakeng se cheselitsoeng.Mathata a ka sehloohong a tjheseletsa ke: tjheseletsa chesang cracking, embrittlement, corrosion intergranular le khatello ea kelello kutu, joalo-joalo Ho phaella moo, ka lebaka la ho futsaneha mogote conductivity le kholo linear katoloso coefficient, tjheseletsa khatello ea kelello le deformation ba khōlō.Ha ho chesoa, mocheso oa mocheso oa welding o lokela ho ba o monyenyane ka hohle kamoo ho ka khonehang, 'me ha hoa lokela ho ba le preheating,' me mocheso oa interlayer o lokela ho fokotseha.Thempereichara ea interlayer e lokela ho laoloa ka tlase ho 60 ° C, 'me manonyeletso a weld a lokela ho thekesela.Ho fokotsa mocheso oa mocheso, lebelo la ho tjheseletsa ha lea lokela ho eketseha ka mokhoa o feteletseng, empa hona joale ho lokela ho fokotsoa ka mokhoa o nepahetseng.
(2) Welding ea austenitic-ferritic litsela tse peli tšepe e sa hloekang
Austenitic-ferritic duplex stainless steel ke duplex stainless steel e entsoeng ka mekhahlelo e 'meli: austenite le ferrite.E kopanya melemo ea tšepe ea austenitic le tšepe ea ferritic, kahoo e na le litšobotsi tsa matla a phahameng, ho hanyetsa kutu e ntle le ho chesehela habonolo.Hajoale, ho na le mefuta e meraro ea mantlha ea tšepe e sa hloekang ea duplex: Cr18, Cr21, le Cr25.Litšobotsi tse ka sehloohong tsa mofuta ona oa tšepe ea tšepe ke: tšekamelo e tlaase ea mocheso ha e bapisoa le tšepe e sa hloekang ea austenitic;ka tlaase embrittlement tšekamelo ka mor'a tjheseletsa bapisoa le bo hloekileng ferritic tšepe e sa jeleng paate, 'me tekanyo ea ferrite coarsening ka tjheseletsa mocheso ameha libaka E boetse e ka tlaase ho moo, kahoo weldability molemo.
Kaha mofuta ona oa tšepe o na le thepa e ntle ea welding, preheating le postheating ha e hlokehe nakong ea welding.Lipoleiti tse tšesaane li lokela ho chesetsoa ke TIG, 'me lipoleiti tse mahareng le tse teteaneng li ka chesoa ka li-welding tsa arc.Ha ho cheselletsa ka arc welding, ho lokela ho sebelisoa lithupa tse khethehileng tsa welding tse nang le sebopeho se ts'oanang le tšepe ea motheo kapa lithupa tsa austenitic tse nang le khabone e tlase.Li-electrode tsa alloy tse thehiloeng ho nickel le tsona li ka sebelisoa bakeng sa tšepe ea mofuta oa Cr25 ea mekhahlelo e 'meli.
Litšepe tse nang le mekhahlelo e 'meli li na le karolo e kholoanyane ea ferrite, le litšekamelo tsa tlhaho tsa litšepe tsa ferritic, joalo ka brittleness ho 475 ° C, σ phase precipitation embrittlement le mahoashe, li ntse li le teng, feela ka lebaka la boteng ba austenite.Phomolo e 'ngoe e ka fumanoa ka phello ea ho leka-lekanya, empa u ntse u lokela ho ela hloko ha u cheselletsa.Ha tjheseletsa Ni-free kapa tlaase-Ni duplex tšepe e sa hloekang, ho na le tšekamelo ea ho ferrite ea karolo e le 'ngoe le lijo-thollo tse hohlang sebakeng se amehileng ke mocheso.Ka nako ena, tlhokomelo e lokela ho lefshoa ho laola ho kenya mocheso oa tjheseletsa, 'me u leke ho sebelisa hona joale, lebelo le phahameng la ho tjheseletsa, le ho tjheseletsa mocha o moqotetsane.Le ho cheselletsa li-multi-pass ho thibela ho hoholeha ha lijo-thollo le ferriteization ea karolo e le 'ngoe sebakeng se anngoeng ke mocheso.Mocheso oa li-inter-layer ha oa lokela ho ba holimo haholo.Ho molemo ho cheselletsa pase e latelang ka mor'a ho pholile.
Nako ea poso: Sep-11-2023